However, in a study by Ding P et al. for hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal tumors [11], creatinine to cystatin C ratio possessed similar and higher performance in males and females, with cut-off points, specificity, and sensitivity of 0.65 (0.773, 0.777) and 0.65 (0.814, 0.799), and AUCs of 0.838 and 0.841, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and digestive system neoplasm.