PRF1 and cancer: These cells have demonstrated cytotoxicity against various cancer cells while sparing normal cells through pathways, such as granule exocytosis (e.g., perforin and granzymes), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, Fas ligand, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ (Barrow et al., 2018; Chiossone et al., 2018).