The network analysis revealed a direct interaction between ORMDL3, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, HMGB1, IL1β, IL18, ATF4, ATF6, and PGC-1α (Figure 3), suggesting a probable role of ORMDL3 in the pathogenesis of IBD. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and inflammatory bowel disease.