Given the intricate function of TGFβ in cancer progression, which is a tumor suppressor in normal tissues and early lesions and promotes invasion and metastasis in advanced tumors,38 we examined the effect of the phosphorylation mimic SIX1 (S225K) and the phosphorylation-deficient mutant SIX1 (S225A) on cancer cell growth, lactate production and ATP generation using media containing either galactose or glucose and devoid of TGFβ. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.