DDIT3 and infectious otitis media: To further elucidate the effect of USP11 on CRC, we divided AOM/DSS model mice into two groups based on high- and low- expression of USP11, and detected the apoptosis-related markers: extrinsic apoptosis pathway (Caspase8); endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway (Caspase12, CHOP); mitochondrial apoptosis pathway (AIF, Cytochrome C).