EGF and posterior urethral valve: In that context, Bastos et al. [14] observed modified abundance of typical glomerular and tubular markers including epidermal growth factor (EGF), calbindin, osteoactivin, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), factor of trefoil 3, cystatin C, and renin in fetal urine of patients of PUV compared to healthy age-matched controls.