The most frequently measured biomarkers were salivary cortisol (sCort; n=7, 29%) [24,30,34,37,39-41], tumor necrosis factor-α (n=5, 21%) [27,30,34,39,42], α amylase (AA; n=4, 17%) [24,39-41], hair cortisol concentrations (HCC; n=4, 17%) [26,32,38,41], interleukin-6 (n=4, 17%) [27,30,34,42], glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) blood glucose level (n=4, 17%) [19,21,25,43], and C-reactive protein (CRP; n=4, 17%) [26,30,34,39]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.