Eight studies, 4 on ARS and 4 on CRS, compared TCM + WMCT to WMCT alone, involving 760 patients.[14,16–18,26,29,46,51] The experimental group showed a significantly greater reduction in TNF-α levels than the control group [SMD = ‐2.14, 95% CI (‐3.42, ‐0.87), P = .001, Fig. 13]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is congenital rubella syndrome.