CD38 and pertussis: Among these, 11 types of immune cells (HLA-DR++ monocyte %leukocyte, RATIO_CD3_B, CD20 on IgD− CD38dim, CD25 on transitional, IgD on IgD+ CD38−, CD3 on CD28+ CD4+, CD25 on CD28+ CD4+, HLA-DR on CD14+ CD16− monocyte, HLA-DR on CD14+ monocyte, CX3CR1 on monocyte, HLA-DR on monocyte) were found to have a protective effect against pertussis (OR values ranging from 0.3533 to 0.8948), with the strongest protective effect observed in CD25 on CD28+ CD4+ (OR = 0.3533, CI = 0.1636–0.7627, P = .008) (Fig. 2).