EGLN1 and colorectal carcinoma: Research has demonstrated that total hemoglobin concentration (THC) increases, while oxygen saturation (StO2) decreases in CRC tissues as tumors evolve from benign to malignant states, signifying a shift toward hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment.[9] Key regulatory mechanisms involving the mTOR pathway and PP2A phosphatase affect PHD2 phosphorylation, thereby controlling HIF1α levels essential for cellular survival in hypoxic conditions.