NSMCE1 and prostate carcinoma: The hypoxic microenvironment, which downregulates calcium transporter proteins and inhibits apoptotic cell signaling, is considered a contributing factor that promotes DNA instability in prostate cancer cells by upregulating NSE1 Homolog, SMC5-SMC6 Complex Component (NSMCE1)-related E3 ubiquitin ligases and inhibiting efficient DNA repair (Luo et al., 2020).