VEGFA and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: In 2013, Fujioka et al. investigated six VEGF polymorphisms, including −1498T/C, −1154G/A, −634C/G, −7C/T, +936C/T, and 1612G/A, in a Japanese cohort, establishing a causal link between VEGF-634C/G and BPD.