CD8A and neoplasm: The pro-tumor immune environment is characterized by a decrease in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and NK cells and an increase in exhausted CD8+ T cells, immunosuppressive CD4+ FOXP3+ Tregs, regulatory B cells, CD4+ T cells with a pro-inflammatory Th2 phenotype, and abundant M1-like macrophages and neutrophils (TANs) (Federico et al., 2022).