DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i), such as sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, and alogliptin, are a class of oral hypoglycemic agents used in the management of T2DM. Although not considered first-line therapy, they can be used as an add-on treatment when lifestyle modifications and metformin fail to control blood glucose levels [10].