INS and diabetes mellitus: The main dysfunction in diabetes is improper glucose utilisation that leads in the long run to serious side effects involving the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, eyes and nerves, It has two types: Type 1 (juvenile‐onset diabetes mellitus or insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus) (T1D), which is due to the deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, and type 2 (insulin‐independent diabetes mellitus) (T2D), which is due to resistance to insulin action by the cells.