A study in Sudan showed that the rate of poor glycaemic control was 78.9% with mean HbA1c (10.36 ± 2.14) [33], this percentage of poor glycaemic control is also comparable to another study in Nigeria in which 78.9% had HbA1C > 7.0, despite regular supply of insulin, suggesting that factors other than availability of insulin could play a role in glycaemic control and four important factors: young age, duration of diabetes < 2 years, young age at onset of diabetes and caregivers involvement in diabetes were identified as determinants of optimal glycaemic control. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.