PAA has shown promising pharmacologicalactivities in multiple diseases, such as renal fibrosis (36), diabetic kidney disease (37), myocardial infarction (38),and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (39).Although previous studies have demonstrated that the anti-renal fibrotic effect ofPAA is associated with Sirt3/β-catenin (36)and AMPK signaling pathway (15), therelationship between its anti-fibrotic activities and ERS is still unclear. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is renal fibrosis.