Indeed, TDP-43 pathology, like TMEM106B aggregation, is not unique to ALS or ALS/FTD; TDP-43 cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia [8, 32, 43, 55], as well as in cognitively normal aged populations [58]. Here, TARDBP is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.