Based on previous studies, Khatun et al. improved the targeting ability of the nanoparticles for triple-negative breast cancer by creating glutathione (GSH)-IR 797 and CPT coupled casein nano-trojan (CCNG NPs), which can naturally bind to the overexpressed gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in cancer cells due to the presence of GSH, thus allowing for precise targeting of cancer cells (Khatun et al., 2024). Here, GGTLC1 is linked to cancer.