CASP3 and breast carcinoma: Lf-Doxo-MMNPs (Size: 130 ± 1.48 nm), a therapeutic NP integrating chemotherapy, magnetic field, and photothermal tools, demonstrated prolonged blood circulation as well as notable cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells/tissues by activating Bax and caspase-3 and modulating CXCL12 and CXCR7, thereby causing necrosis and apoptosis, blocking cell cycle at the S1 and subG1 phases, and inducing ROS accumulation (Sharifi et al., 2020).