CASP3 and neoplasm: These nanoparticles showed prolonged drug release, stability in blood and serum, and significant cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells, with an IC50 of 0.94 μM for MCF-7 cells, a 5-fold reduction in tumor size after 3 weeks of treatment, and enhanced active caspase-3 levels alongside reduced VEGF and Ki67 expression.