ACE and COVID-19: However, drug exposure could affect susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of COVID-19 via several plausible mechanisms; impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 [11, 12], prevention from calcium channel blockers of viral cell entry via calcium ions’ modulation of host-pathogen interaction [13], and corticosteroids as potential inhibitors of viral replication and cytokine production associated with hyperinflammation and mortality [14–16].