CXCR4 and esophageal cancer: The highly aggressive orthotopic EAC model developed by Gros et al. (2010a) was used as a preclinical tool to evaluate the chemotherapeutic effects of targeted therapies against HER-2 (Gros et al., 2010b) (a member of the EGFR family) and the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) antagonist CTCE-9908 (Drenckhan et al., 2013) in esophageal cancer.