Before the introduction of IL-1R blocking therapy, treatment with azathioprine and or other immunosuppressive/immunomodulating agents, such as cyclosporine A, methotrexate, and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (HDIVIGs), showed a certain efficacy in patients with prolonged, cortico-dependent, recurrent AP [34,35,36]. The gene discussed is IL1R1; the disease is alkaline phosphatase measurement.