MT-ND1 and diabetes mellitus: Specifically, substitutions in the mitochondrial ND1 gene have been associated with several different diseases including mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), cardiomyopathy and diabetes mellitus, LHON, Wolfram syndrome, and maternal inherited diabetes, suggesting that changes in this DNA codon of the ND1 gene may be associated with very diverse pathogenic processes [21,25,29].