Furthermore, key cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), have been identified as contributors to tau phosphorylation, thus accelerating the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, which culminate in the symptomatic manifestation of AD [66]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Alzheimer disease.