In addition, oxidative stress can intensify the pathophysiological characteristics of AD by activating the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways, which are involved in the regulation of tau phosphorylation and may also contribute to the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles [45,46]. The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is Alzheimer disease.