Therefore, the proinflammatory effect of HHcy is linked to ROS generation and involves the activation of nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB), which regulates mainly the genes responsible for the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin, leading to the progression of atherosclerosis [39,40,41]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and atherosclerosis.