INS and Insulin resistance: Consistent with improved insulin resistance, mitochondrial hOGG1 improved insulin signaling as shown by increased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of pAKTSer473 in HFD-fed Ogg1-KO/Tg compared to Ogg1-KO/HFD mice, although the difference was not significant (Figure 5A, quantified in Supplementary Figure S6, A, p = 0.4416).