In PDAC, the IAPP concentrations were 25.0 ± 8.7 pmol/L in seven patients with diabetes requiring insulin, 31.4 ± 12.6 pmol/L in 11 patients with diabetes not requiring insulin, and 12.2 ± 2.4 pmol/L in 9 patients with normal glucose tolerance. Here, IAPP is linked to diabetes mellitus.