Additionally, a combined treatment with CUR (2.4 mg/kg) and lycopene (12.5 mg/kg) significantly attenuates prostate hyperplasia by blocking the upregulation of testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 5α-reductase, estradiol (E2) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression as well as the levels of inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, in rats [81]. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.