Downstream effectors of the insulin growth factor (IGF) pathway, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Ak strain transforming (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (Figure 1), play well-established roles as mitogens in carcinogenesis [12,13]. Here, MTOR is linked to fibrosarcoma.