TNF and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Patients with OSA exhibit elevated levels of several inflammatory and pro-thrombotic biomarkers, including intercellular adhesion molecules, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), activated coagulation factors, and soluble P-selectin [75].