Recently, a study revealed that peripheral circulating NK cells could differentiate into two divergent pathways based on cues in the tumor microenvironment (TME): the CD49a+ CD103+ (intraepithelial innate lymphoid cell 1; ieILC1-like) subset, which exhibited potent antitumor and immunosurveillance functions, and the NR4A2-expressing CD49a− (intermediate ILC1; intILC1-like) subset, which showed poor antitumor function [8]. Here, ITGAE is linked to neoplasm.