VEGFA and cancer: Figure 2 displays the VEGF pathway. VEGF is a protein produced by a variety of cells to stimulate angiogenesis [52]. When functioning normally, hypoxic conditions cause the release of VEGF, which then helps to create new blood vessels. Cancers that express VEGF can develop new blood supply to help tumors grow and metastasize. Investigators have developed several therapies to target VEGF and inhibit tumor growth. VEGF inhibition alone is not cytotoxic to tumor cells. VEGF inhibitors are felt to be chemosensitizers to promote tumor cell death [53].