INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Further, in a rat model of NAFLD on a choline-deficient/L-amino-acid-defined (CDAA) diet, the rats were administered a butyrate-producing probiotic, MIYAIRI 588, and showed significantly lowered hepatic triglyceride storage, insulin resistance, serum endotoxin levels, and hepatic inflammatory blood tests [136].