In contrast to these findings, one study conducted in neuroblastoma cells reported that HIF-1α mediates the upregulation of NEP through HIF-1α binding to histone deacetylase (HDAC)-1, thereby reducing the association of HDAC-1 with the NEP promoter, with a resultant activation of its transcription in a de-repression manner [193]. This evidence concerns the gene MME and neuroblastoma.