TGFB1 and benign prostatic hyperplasia: The levels of TGF-β in the Mod group were elevated from 332.14 pg/mL to 631.87 pg/mL (p < 0.001), whereas the BPL and BPH group were restored to 548.0 pg/mL, 388.20 pg/mL (p > 0.05, p < 0.001).