Moreover, the interaction of TWEAK with Fn14 receptors stimulates various cellular responses and activates various signaling pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia, chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer (Blanco-Colio 2014; Cheng et al. 2013; Ratajczak et al. 2022). Here, TNFSF12 is linked to brain ischemia.