Epigenetic modifications significantly influence learning, memory, and cognition, which are essential in maintaining synaptic plasticity.113,114 Disruptions in epigenetic regulation lead to the abnormal expression of genes involved in protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis, contributing to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD).115 The deposits of extracellular Aβ plaques and tau phosphorylation, as well as the loss of plasticity, are basic pathogenesis of AD. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.