TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Averting the persistence of TNF-α-associated inflammation and restoring immune regulation has been the main target of biological therapies, whereby TNF-α blockade using monoclonal antibodies has been widely used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis [18,19] and ulcerative colitis [20], and this could potentially be useful in reducing inflammation in podoconiosis, though a lot more research is required before reaching this step as the increase in TNF-α- in the patients is only moderately significant.