MUC1 and melanoma: The sera IgG antibodies generated in response to the Qβ-MUC1-TF construct exhibited a stronger binding affinity to the B16-MUC1 melanoma cells, compared to the IgG antibodies induced upon immunization with the soluble forms of unglycosylated MUC1 peptide or MUC1-sTn, highlighting the key contribution of the VLP nanocarrier.