The remaining 10 patients were clinically diagnosed: 5 patients had either hereditary RCC strongly presumed by a family history of VHL or BHD, 2 had an RCC suggested by a typical contrast-enhancement pattern on dynamic-enhanced CT with an increase in lesion size, and 3 had a local recurrence suspected after a prior partial nephrectomy with a pathologic diagnosis of RCC. The gene discussed is VHL; the disease is Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome.