EPO and Hypothermia: In 2016, a U.S. phase II double-blinded placebo-controlled trial (Neonatal Erythropoietin and Therapeutic Hypothermia Outcomes in Newborn Brain Injury (NEATO); NCT01913340) showed that EPO + TH-treated infants (1000 UI/kg intravenously at specific intervals in the first week of age with the first dose within 24 h) [68] had inferior incidence of moderate or severe brain, subcortical, and cerebellar harm than the placebo + TH group in the first week of life in brain MRI scans [53].