The Erythropoietin for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in Newborns trial (PAEAN; NCT03079167) [53] and High-Dose Erythropoietin for Asphyxia and Encephalopathy trial (HEAL; NCT02811263) [53] have shown that combined therapy with EPO and TH in infants with HIE did not lower the risk of death nor improve the neurological outcomes compared to the placebo; however, in the combination therapy EPO + TH groups, there were higher rates of serious adverse events [65]. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is perinatal asphyxia.