However, while there was an improvement in OS for patients treated with neoadjuvant ICI+ chemotherapy compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone among patients with tumor PD-L1 levels of ≥1% (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33–0.73), this improvement was not observed for patients with tumor PD-L1 levels <1% (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.66–1.19). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.