INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The chronic and autoimmune nature of T1DM demands constant vigilance over blood glucose levels, dietary management, and insulin administration, which are further complicated in the context of a child’s developing physical and psychological state(4,5,6).The responsibilities of parents caring for children with T1DM are multifaceted, encompassing the adjustment of insulin levels in response to blood glucose concentrations, dietary and physical activity regulation, complication prevention, and emotional support provision(7).