ATOH1 and infection: In the intestines, it was recently demonstrated that IL-17a can activate the transcription factor Atoh1 in Lgr5+ stem cells, which in turn impacts secretory cell numbers including Paneth, tuft, goblet, and enteroendocrine cells during homeostasis and in recovery after injury.60 In the InsGAS model, there is no detectible difference in Muc5ac or Muc6 expression prior to H. pylori infection, but after infection, the levels increase more in the InsGAS mice than the IL-17RA deficient InsGAS mice.