While previous studies investigating how IL-17RA deficiency (Il17ra-/- mice) impacts H. pylori-induced pathology demonstrated increased inflammation and an impact on barrier function in the absence of IL-17RA, the most chronic time point investigated in those studies was 3 months post- infection.22 To test the hypothesis that a longer time course would lead to dysplasia or cancer, Il17ra-/- and wild type mice (FVB/n) were infected with PMSS1 for 6 months. The gene discussed is IL17RA; the disease is cancer.