The other review (30) discussed changes in signal transduction pathways and enzyme mechanisms that lead to MR of transformed cells and explained that in addition to the core role of HIF-1 activation, oncogenes (PI3K, Akt, Her2) and tumor suppressor genes (p53, VHL, PTEN, LKB1) also determine the MR of cancer cells at multiple levels. Here, PTEN is linked to cancer.