ALB and neoplasm: In recent years, it has been found that many serum tumor markers were closely associated with the survival of CRC: such as indicators of systemic inflammatory response (C-reactive protein; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR) (Koike et al., 2008; Templeton et al., 2014); nutritional status (albumin) (Chiang et al., 2017), and tumor burden (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA; carbohydrate antigen, CA19-9, CA24-2) (Rao et al., 2021; Tampellini et al., 2015).