We found that the median urinary methylation of patients with prostate cancer (8% for ALOX5, 14% for TRPS1 and 22% for Chromosome 16) and kidney cancer (7% for ALOX5, 12% for TRPS1 and 24% for Chromosome 16) was similar to that of the cancer-free controls (8% for ALOX5, 12% for TRPS1 and 21% for Chromosome 16) (Fig. 2A–C). Here, TRPS1 is linked to cancer.