This was further recapitulated by pathway analysis whereby INFγ and INFα response gene sets, as well as the JAK–STAT signaling pathway, showed strongly enriched activity (Extended Data Fig. 7d), providing additional support for our hypothesis that the pre-LSCs represent residual persister cells of the preceding MPN or CMML disease rather than healthy hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells (HSPCs). The gene discussed is IFNA17; the disease is chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.