While caveolae contribute to ouabain-induced NKA signaling and cystogenesis in ADPKD, we were surprised by the fact that removal of CAV1 also reverted the altered affinity of NKA for ouabain of the Pkd1RC/RC kidneys to a value similar to that of wild type mice (Fig. 2) [22]. The gene discussed is TAC1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.