MAPK8 and thyroid gland carcinoma: Furthermore, studies have shown that paclitaxel can increase the protein levels of transforming growth factor‐beta‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and TAK1‐binding protein 1 (TAB1), which are modulators of the JNK pathway, and increase the phosphorylation of JNK and the expression of cleaved caspase-7 and PARP, ultimately leading to the apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells (Yu-Wei et al., 2020).