Quercetin and kaempferol, which are natural flavonoids, when used in combination with Smac mimetics, induce the proteasomal degradation of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins one and 2 (cIAP1/2) and synergistically kill cholangiocarcinoma cells through RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis (Lomphithak et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene RIPK3 and cholangiocarcinoma.