Notably, the S100A8 and S100A9 genes mediate oxidative stress, activation of apoptotic pathways, and promotion of cellular autophagy in AML cells to affect survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy in AML patients (Mondet, Chevalier & Mossuz, 2021; Bottcher et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene S100A9 and acute myeloid leukemia.